Virtual Reality ESL

Safety First

Every job has certain rules. Sometimes, we have to wear specific clothing or put our cell phones away. 

In this unit, you will see different ways to talk about rules.

Activity 1: Vocabulary acquisition

Activity 2: Grammar: Modal auxiliaries

Activity 3: Watch the capsule and answer questions

Activity 4: Reading

Activity 5: Using the grammar

Activity 6: Speaking

Activity 7: Making word choices

Activity 8: Vocabulary reinforcement (Crossword puzzle!)

Flashcards

Grammar: Modal auxiliaries

For giving advice:                     should                                   should not

For expressing ability:             can                                         cannot

For expressing obligation:      must                                       must not

For permission:                         may                                        may not

 

Example:

You should always be careful around the milling machines.

He cannot use his cell phone while he is working.

You must follow the safety rules.

You may not eat or drink in the mechanical engineering lab.

 

Note: Must not                              vs.                    Don’t have to

Must not = prohibition                                           Don’t have to = no obligation

 

You must not smoke in the factory                             

Tomorrow is a holiday. You don’t have to work.

 

Watch the capsule

Answer the 5 comprehension questions.

 

people in kitchen

Reading: Read this short text out loud. Pay attention to the new vocabulary.

Alejandro started his new job at a restaurant yesterday. His boss, Amelia, gave him instructions. She told him to wear a uniform, wash his hands before working, and be polite to the clients, but Alejandro did not respect the rules. He wore a dirty shirt and did not wash his hands. He was rude and impatient with the clients, and he didn’t clean the tables after they left. Also, Alejandro also broke three glasses when he put them in the dishwasher. Amelia saw his actions and warned him. “Alejandro, be careful,” she said. “If you don’t respect the rules, you will lose your job.” Alejandro didn’t listen and kept making mistakes. Amelia is angry at Alejandro. She will tell him that cannot work at the restaurant anymore.

Grammar in use: Fill in the blanks with the correct modal.

Speaking activity

Have a conversation with a partner. Describe the rules you must, should, can follow. Are there things you must not/should not do when you are at work? (or school or home).

Grammar in use

Vocabulary reinforcement